A gas boiler is a heating system that operates using a gaseous fuel, typically natural gas but sometimes liquid gas such as propane or butane. There are also cases where natural biogas is used. Gas boilers are the most common heating systems for residential buildings.
The operation of a gas boiler is similar to that of other types of heating systems. When the thermostat detects a need for heat, gas is ignited in the boiler using a piezoelectric igniter and burned in the gas burner. This produces heat, which is transferred to the heating water via a heat exchanger.
A circulation pump transports the heated water through pipes to the radiators, which then release heat into the environment. The cooled water then returns to the boiler to be reheated.
The main components of a gas boiler include:
1. Gasburner: produces heat.
2. Heat exchanger: transfers heat from combustion and exhaust gases to the heating water.
3. Regulator: controls the operation of the boiler.
4. Circulation pump: pumps hot water to the radiators.
5. Membrane expansion tank: compensates for volume variations of water when heated.
6. Exhaust duct:removes exhaust gases.
7. Heating pipes: transport hot water to the radiators.
8. Radiators: release heat into the room.
The technology of gas boilers has been around for about 200 years and has evolved over time. Today, they provide heat to about half of all homes in Germany.